The following licensing information is from the commprod.txt and COPYING files in the GNU Ghostscript distribution: Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995 Aladdin Enterprises. All rights reserved. Permission to copy and distribute this document unmodified for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided that the above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - This file, commprod.txt, sets forth the conditions under which Ghostscript may be distributed in a commercial context: under a written license from Artifex Software Inc., Aladdin Enterprises' exclusive commercial licensing partner, or under certain other very limited conditions. For an overview of Ghostscript and a list of the documentation files, see the README file in the Ghostscript fileset. The Use of the Public Access "Free" Version of Ghostscript ---------------------------------------------------------- Ghostscript is a copyrighted work whose copyright is owned by Aladdin Enterprises. Some versions of Ghostscript are distributed freely under the name Aladdin Ghostscript; these versions are always distributed with a license, called the Aladdin Ghostscript Free Public License (also known as the AGFPL), which permits Aladdin Ghostscript to be redistributed freely under certain conditions. These conditions will almost always be met easily by individuals in their personal use of Aladdin Ghostscript. Aladdin Ghostscript may be *used* freely, including by commercial entities for evaluation or unsupported internal use. However, *distribution* for commercial purposes of Ghostscript, or anything containing or derived from Ghostscript in whole or in part, generally requires a written commercial license from Artifex Software Inc., the sole entity authorized by Aladdin Enterprises to grant such licenses. More specifically, the AGFPL states: Distribution of the Program or any work based on the Program by a commercial organization to any third party is prohibited if any payment is made in connection with such distribution, whether directly (as in payment for a copy of the Program) or indirectly (as in payment for some service related to the Program, or payment for some product or service that includes a copy of the Program "without charge"; these are only examples, and not an exhaustive enumeration of prohibited activities). However, the following methods of distribution involving payment shall not in and of themselves be a violation of this restriction: (i) Posting the Program on a public access information storage and retrieval service for which a fee is received for retrieving information (such as an on-line service), provided that the fee is not content-dependent (i.e., the fee would be the same for retrieving the same volume of information consisting of random data). (ii) Distributing the Program on a CD-ROM, provided that the files containing the Program are reproduced entirely and verbatim on such CD-ROM, and provided further that all information on such CD-ROM be redistributable for non-commercial purposes without charge. The intent of the exception provided in clause (i) is to allow commercial organizations operating an FTP server or a bulletin board to distribute Aladdin Ghostscript freely from it, provided that: (1) the organization complies with the other provisions of the AGFPL, which include among other things a requirement to distribute the full source code of Aladdin Ghostscript and of any derived work, and to distribute the AGFPL itself along with Aladdin Ghostscript; (2) the only charge for downloading Aladdin Ghostscript is a charge based on the distribution service and not one based on the content of the information being retrieved (i.e., the charge would be the same for retrieving a random collection of bits of the same size); (3) the server or BBS is accessible to the general public, i.e., the phone number or IP address is not kept secret, and anyone may obtain access to the information (possibly by paying a subscription or access fee that is not dependent on or related to purchasing anything else). Similarly, the exception in clause (ii) is intended to allow inclusion of Aladdin Ghostscript on "freeware" CD-ROMs that contain only material that is in the public domain, or is freely redistributable provided only that a copyright notice is retained (such as the Independent JPEG Group libraries), or is distributed under some other kind of license allowing free redistribution such as the GNU General Public License. If you want to distribute software in a commercial context that incorporates Ghostscript and you do *not* want to meet these conditions, you should contact Artifex Software to find out about commercial licensing. Commercial licenses involve a (negotiated) payment, and include support and other benefits. These are the only ways you legally can distribute Ghostscript or anything containing Ghostscript: either by distributing Aladdin Ghostscript under the requirements of the AGFPL, or by getting a commercial license from Artifex Software. For commercial licensing, please contact: Miles Jones Director of Marketing Artifex Software Inc. 454 Las Gallinas Ave., suite 108 San Rafael, CA 94903 U.S.A. voice +1-415-492-9861 fax +1-415-492-9862 e-mail: info@arsoft.com If you have any questions about any of the information in this document, please contact: Aladdin Enterprises 203 Santa Margarita Ave. Menlo Park, CA 94025 U.S.A. voice +1-650-322-0103 (8:30 AM - noon, Monday - Friday) fax +1-650-322-1734 e-mail: ghost@aladdin.com Appendix: The GNU General Public License ---------------------------------------- Older versions of Ghostscript (versions of 2.6.1 and previous) were distributed with a license called the GNU General Public License (also known as the "GNU License", the "GPL", or the "copyleft"), which allowed distribution with commercial products under certain conditions. Aladdin Enterprises may choose to distribute other versions of Ghostscript with the GPL in the future; however, these versions will be identified as "GNU Ghostscript." The remainder of this Appendix applies only to versions identified explicitly as GNU Ghostscript versions; the generic name Ghostscript, when applied to versions above 2.6.1, refers to Aladdin Ghostscript, which is governed by the Aladdin Ghostscript Free Public License, not the GPL. For those unfamiliar with the GPL, we now summarize its provisions. The full GPL is included under the name COPYING in the fileset that comprises GNU Ghostscript, and can also be obtained from: Free Software Foundation, Inc. (FSF) 59 Temple Place - Suite 330 Boston, MA 02111-1307 U.S.A. tel. +1-617-542-5942 fax (including Japan): +1-617-542-2652 e-mail gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu Free Dial Fax (in Japan): 0031-13-2473 (KDD) 0066-3382-0158 (IDC) In case of doubt or conflict, the contents of the COPYING file or the document obtained from the FSF, not this summary, are authoritative. 1. Anyone may copy and distribute GNU Ghostscript (both source and object code), but they must distribute the source code as well as the object code (or, if they distribute only the object code, they must include an offer in writing to provide the source code at no more than reproduction cost), keep all copyright and other notices, and include the GPL with the copies. (Note that this allows anyone receiving such a copy to distribute it freely as well.) 2. Anyone may modify GNU Ghostscript, but the provisions of #1 apply to modified or derived works as well. 3. GNU Ghostscript may be "aggregated" with another program; in this case, #1 and #2 do not apply to the other program, but only to GNU Ghostscript. Provision #1 makes it much harder to have a commercial business based only on selling copies of GNU Ghostscript (as distributed with the GPL) or products that contain GNU Ghostscript, since any customer is free to make as many copies as they want for any purpose. Provision #2 effectively prevents the development of proprietary commercial products that incorporate GNU Ghostscript without a commercial license as a part, since these are "derived works" in the legal sense. Questions have arisen at times in particular cases regarding provision #3 as to whether GNU Ghostscript is "aggregated" with other parts of a commercial product, or whether the product has become a "derived work." Normally, combining GNU Ghostscript with another piece of software creates a "derived work"; we consider GNU Ghostscript to be "aggregated" with another piece of software, which we will refer to as "the application", only if all of the following conditions are met: - The code and documentation for GNU Ghostscript are physically separated from the code and documentation for the application. For electronic form, it is both necessary and sufficient to put the GNU Ghostscript code and documentation in their own directory tree(s). - GNU Ghostscript, as delivered with the application, is usable independently of the application. More precisely, if a user deletes from the computer system all files delivered with the application except those in the GNU Ghostscript directories, the user will still be able to use GNU Ghostscript as described in GNU Ghostscript's documentation. Among other things, this requires that GNU Ghostscript not call any routines in the application, and not require any data or other files supplied as part of the application. - The application calls GNU Ghostscript in a way that allows an ordinary user to substitute another program for GNU Ghostscript. (Typically this requires use of a shell script or batch file, or a system call like `exec'.) More precisely, if the user deletes from the computer system all the files in the GNU Ghostscript directories, and replaces the GNU Ghostscript executable with another program with the same name and conforming to the same documentation, the application will continue to work with it. One implication of this is that the GNU Ghostscript documentation must specify all properties of GNU Ghostscript on which the application relies; for example, if GNU Ghostscript has been modified by the addition of command line switches or language elements such as new operators, the documentation must describe any such additions that the application uses. - The conditions of the GPL are met with respect to GNU Ghostscript, including the requirement for propagation of the GPL and the requirement for delivering (or an offer to deliver) source code. Regarding this last point, the GPL clearly intends that if the distributor only offers to provide the GNU Ghostscript source code (as opposed to actually distributing the source code with every copy of the application), then they must deliver the source code in a timely way to anyone requesting it. The GPL makes it clear that if someone receives GNU Ghostscript only in its GPL-licensed form, they only have a right to distribute it if they comply with the GPL. Aladdin Enterprises, as the copyright holder, takes this requirement very seriously, and will, if necessary, take legal action to ensure that anyone distributing GNU Ghostscript with the GPL complies with the conditions set forth above. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. Preamble The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too. When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights. We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the software. Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors' reputations. Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow. GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you". Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the Program. You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License. c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, you must cause it, when started running for such interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on the Program is not required to print an announcement.) These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program. In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this License. 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a special exception, the source code distributed need not include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies the executable. If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object code. 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance. 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it. 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License. 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances. It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system, which is implemented by public license practices. Many people have made generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice. This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License. 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License. 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation. 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. NO WARRANTY 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. Copyright (C) 19yy This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA YOU MUST OBSERVE ANY AUTHORS' CONDITIONS WITH RESPECT TO INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS PROVIDED WITHIN THIS CODE. SUPPORT FOR THE TECHNOLOGIES AND DOCUMENTATION IS NOT PROVIDED BY SUN MICROSYSTEMS, INC. THE TECHNOLOGIES AND DOCUMENTATION ARE PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT TECHNICAL SUPPORT OR WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.